Teoria: Língua Inglesa

Língua Inglesa para Oficial PM (CFO) — PMDF 2026

1. Reading Comprehension

The Cebraspe English test focuses on reading comprehension. Texts come from international newspapers, academic journals, and official documents. Key strategies: (1) read alternatives first; (2) identify the main idea per paragraph; (3) watch for cognates and false cognates ("actually" ≠ atualmente, "pretend" ≠ pretender, "realize" ≠ realizar); (4) use context clues for unknown vocabulary.

2. Verb Tenses and Modal Verbs

Key tenses: Simple Present (facts), Present Continuous (ongoing), Simple Past (completed), Present Perfect (past with present relevance), Past Perfect (before another past). Modals: "must" (obligation/certainty), "should" (advice), "may/might" (possibility), "can/could" (ability/permission), "shall" (legal obligation in formal texts).

3. Connectors and Discourse Markers

Addition (moreover, furthermore, besides); Contrast (however, nevertheless, although, despite, whereas); Cause/Effect (therefore, consequently, thus, due to); Condition (provided that, unless); Exemplification (for instance, such as); Concession (even though, notwithstanding). Cebraspe often asks about the function of connectors in context.

4. Vocabulary — Law Enforcement and Military

Essential terms: law enforcement, military police, investigation, surveillance, threat assessment, counterterrorism, crowd control, patrol, rank (posto), non-commissioned officer (praça), commissioned officer (oficial), chain of command, rules of engagement, use of force, de-escalation, riot control, peacekeeping operations.